Photo: Thomas Siems (CC BY-SA 2.0) — via Wikimedia Commons
Goldie Pleco (Leporacanthicus joselimai)
A sleek, dark suckermouth catfish covered in golden spots — one of the more striking plecos that actually stays a manageable size.
Will it live with a Goldie Pleco?
We compare each fish against your goldie pleco on temperament, size, water parameters and swimming zone. Set your tank size and filter the results.
- Banjo Catfish✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 15 cm · Medium care · 20–26 °C (68–79 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here; temperature, pH and hardness ranges all overlap and neither outsizes the other enough to be a threat.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Bearded Corydoras✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 10 cm · Medium care · 18–24 °C (64–75 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here; temperature, pH and hardness ranges all overlap and neither outsizes the other enough to be a threat.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Keep Bearded Corydoras in a shoal of 6+ or it gets stressed and nippy.
- Bristlenose Pleco✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 12 cm · Easy care · 23–30 °C (73–86 °F)
- Compatible on the things that matter: shared water near 24–29 °C, workable temperaments, and no predator-and-prey size gap.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Clown Pleco✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 9 cm · Medium care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here; temperature, pH and hardness ranges all overlap and neither outsizes the other enough to be a threat.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Leopard Frog Pleco✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 9 cm · Medium care · 25–30 °C (77–86 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here, and their water overlaps around 25–29 °C — no size, zone or temperament conflicts.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Marbled Hoplo✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 14 cm · Easy care · 22–28 °C (72–82 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here, and their water overlaps around 24–28 °C — no size, zone or temperament conflicts.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Medusa Pleco✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 12 cm · Medium care · 26–30 °C (79–86 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here, and their water overlaps around 26–29 °C — no size, zone or temperament conflicts.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Porthole Catfish✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 10 cm · Easy care · 22–28 °C (72–82 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here, and their water overlaps around 24–28 °C — no size, zone or temperament conflicts.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Rubber Lip Pleco✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 12 cm · Easy care · 20–26 °C (68–79 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here; temperature, pH and hardness ranges all overlap and neither outsizes the other enough to be a threat.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Snowball Pleco✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 16 cm · Medium care · 24–30 °C (75–86 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here; temperature, pH and hardness ranges all overlap and neither outsizes the other enough to be a threat.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Spotted Rubbernose Pleco✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 12 cm · Medium care · 20–26 °C (68–79 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here, and their water overlaps around 24–26 °C — no size, zone or temperament conflicts.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Spotted Talking Catfish✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 15 cm · Easy care · 22–26 °C (72–79 °F)
- Compatible on the things that matter: shared water near 24–26 °C, workable temperaments, and no predator-and-prey size gap.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Upside-down Catfish✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 10 cm · Easy care · 22–26 °C (72–79 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here; temperature, pH and hardness ranges all overlap and neither outsizes the other enough to be a threat.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Weather Loach✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 25 cm · Easy care · 5–24 °C (41–75 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here, and their water overlaps around 24–24 °C — no size, zone or temperament conflicts.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Zebra Pleco✅ CompatiblePeaceful · 10 cm · Hard care · 26–30 °C (79–86 °F)
- Semi-aggressive + Peaceful, but with no direct clash here; temperature, pH and hardness ranges all overlap and neither outsizes the other enough to be a threat.
- Both favour the bottom of the tank — offer enough cover so they aren't always in each other's space.
- Altifrons Geophagus⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 25 cm · Medium care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~378 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Keep Altifrons Geophagus in a shoal of 6+ or it gets stressed and nippy.
- Angelicus Synodontis⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 25 cm · Medium care · 23–27 °C (73–81 °F)
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~200 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Blood Parrot Cichlid⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 20 cm · Medium care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~190 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Discus⚠️ With cautionPeaceful · 20 cm · Hard care · 28–31 °C (82–88 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Discus are close in size, but the semi-aggressive one tends to dominate — add discus in a group to spread the pressure.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~200 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Keep Discus in a shoal of 6+ or it gets stressed and nippy.
- Electric Blue Acara⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 16 cm · Medium care · 22–28 °C (72–82 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Electric Blue Acara can both be territorial; doable with space and dense planting, but watch for chasing.
- Electric Blue Hap⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 20 cm · Medium care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Different pH ranges (6–7.5 vs 7.8–8.5); doable if you sit in the shared band, but not ideal long-term.
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~250 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Emperor Peacock Cichlid⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 16 cm · Medium care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Different pH ranges (6–7.5 vs 7.6–8.6); doable if you sit in the shared band, but not ideal long-term.
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~210 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Fire Blue Empress Cichlid⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 18 cm · Medium care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~400 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Galaxy Pleco⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 25 cm · Medium care · 22–26 °C (72–79 °F)
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~170 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Green Severum⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 20 cm · Medium care · 23–29 °C (73–84 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Green Severum can both be territorial; doable with space and dense planting, but watch for chasing.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~208 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Guyana Flag Cichlid⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 18 cm · Medium care · 24–30 °C (75–86 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Guyana Flag Cichlid can both be territorial; doable with space and dense planting, but watch for chasing.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~200 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Honeycomb Pleco⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 21 cm · Medium care · 24–29 °C (75–84 °F)
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~280 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Platinum Acara⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 20 cm · Medium care · 23–28 °C (73–82 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Platinum Acara can both be territorial; doable with space and dense planting, but watch for chasing.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~200 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Spanner Barb⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 18 cm · Medium care · 23–29 °C (73–84 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Spanner Barb can both be territorial; doable with space and dense planting, but watch for chasing.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~208 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Keep Spanner Barb in a shoal of 6+ or it gets stressed and nippy.
- Striped Raphael Catfish⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 20 cm · Medium care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Both are a bit pushy (semi-aggressive + semi-aggressive) — workable only in a larger tank with cover and broken sight lines.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~190 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Tiger Loach⚠️ With cautionSemi-aggressive · 20 cm · Medium care · 23–27 °C (73–81 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Tiger Loach can both be territorial; doable with space and dense planting, but watch for chasing.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~200 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Alligator Gar⛔ Not recommendedAggressive · 250 cm · Hard care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Alligator Gar are both territorial and at least one is outright aggressive — expect serious fighting.
- Alligator Gar may bully the smaller Goldie Pleco, though its armour makes it a hard meal — give it caves and driftwood to retreat into.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~3785 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Clown Knifefish⛔ Not recommendedAggressive · 90 cm · Hard care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Two assertive fish, one genuinely aggressive: Goldie Pleco and Clown Knifefish will hold territory and clash.
- Clown Knifefish may bully the smaller Goldie Pleco, though its armour makes it a hard meal — give it caves and driftwood to retreat into.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~750 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Mbu Puffer⛔ Not recommendedAggressive · 67 cm · Hard care · 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)
- Two assertive fish, one genuinely aggressive: Goldie Pleco and Mbu Puffer will hold territory and clash.
- Mbu Puffer may bully the smaller Goldie Pleco, though its armour makes it a hard meal — give it caves and driftwood to retreat into.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~757 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Ocellaris Peacock Bass⛔ Not recommendedAggressive · 70 cm · Hard care · 24–30 °C (75–86 °F)
- Two assertive fish, one genuinely aggressive: Goldie Pleco and Ocellaris Peacock Bass will hold territory and clash.
- Ocellaris Peacock Bass may bully the smaller Goldie Pleco, though its armour makes it a hard meal — give it caves and driftwood to retreat into.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~750 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Redtail Catfish⛔ Not recommendedAggressive · 120 cm · Hard care · 24–27 °C (75–81 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Redtail Catfish are both territorial and at least one is outright aggressive — expect serious fighting.
- Redtail Catfish may bully the smaller Goldie Pleco, though its armour makes it a hard meal — give it caves and driftwood to retreat into.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~5700 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Spotted Gar⛔ Not recommendedAggressive · 90 cm · Hard care · 18–26 °C (64–79 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Spotted Gar are both territorial and at least one is outright aggressive — expect serious fighting.
- Spotted Gar may bully the smaller Goldie Pleco, though its armour makes it a hard meal — give it caves and driftwood to retreat into.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~600 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Wels Catfish⛔ Not recommendedAggressive · 300 cm · Hard care · 15–25 °C (59–77 °F)
- Goldie Pleco and Wels Catfish are both territorial and at least one is outright aggressive — expect serious fighting.
- Wels Catfish may bully the smaller Goldie Pleco, though its armour makes it a hard meal — give it caves and driftwood to retreat into.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~20000 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
- Wolf Cichlid⛔ Not recommendedAggressive · 72 cm · Hard care · 24–30 °C (75–86 °F)
- Two assertive fish, one genuinely aggressive: Goldie Pleco and Wolf Cichlid will hold territory and clash.
- Wolf Cichlid may bully the smaller Goldie Pleco, though its armour makes it a hard meal — give it caves and driftwood to retreat into.
- Your 150 L tank is below the ~760 L this pairing really wants — crowding raises aggression.
Compatibility is computed from each species' care data — a strong starting point, not a guarantee. Individual temperament varies, so always introduce new fish slowly and watch them.
Goldie Pleco care specs
- Care level
- Medium
- Breeding
- Hard
- Max size
- 20 cm (7.9 in)
- Min tank size
- 150 L (39.6 gal)
- Temperature
- 24–29 °C (75–84 °F)
- pH
- 6–7.5
- Hardness
- 2–12 dGH
- Lifespan
- 10–15 years
- Diet
- Carnivore
- Swim level
- Bottom
- Group size
- Best alone or in a pair
- Family
- Loricariidae
- Origin
- South America — Rio Tapajós basin, Pará state, Brazil
What is a Goldie Pleco?
The Goldie Pleco (Leporacanthicus joselimai), traded worldwide under its L-number designation L264, is a medium-sized suckermouth catfish from the warm, fast-running rivers of the Brazilian Amazon. Adults reach around 20 cm (8 in) and are immediately recognisable: a near-black body densely peppered with bright golden-yellow spots, often with a contrasting pale or white lower lobe on the caudal fin. It is also sold as the Sultan Pleco or Joselimai Pleco, though L264 is the label you will most often encounter.
What sets Leporacanthicus apart from the plecos beginners typically buy — the common pleco, the bristlenose — is diet. L264 is primarily carnivorous, a trait that surprises first-time owners expecting a vegetable-eating algae worker. Get that right and you have a hardy, long-lived display fish; miss it and the fish declines slowly and mysteriously. At 10–15 years of potential lifespan, the Goldie Pleco is genuinely a long-term commitment.
Where does the Goldie Pleco come from?
Leporacanthicus joselimai is native to the Rio Tapajós basin in Pará state, Brazil — a clear-water Amazonian river system known for warm temperatures, soft acidic water, and a substrate of boulders, submerged wood and sandy pockets. The Tapajós is a so-called blackwater or clearwater river, very low in dissolved minerals and well oxygenated where the current runs strong over rocks.
Understanding this origin shapes every care decision. The Goldie Pleco evolved in warm, oxygen-rich, mineralite-poor water — the opposite of a hard, alkaline community tap. It shelters under rocks and in crevices by day and forages across the substrate for invertebrates at night. A well-planned tank mimics that rhythm.
What tank size and setup does the Goldie Pleco need?
The minimum footprint is 150 litres (40 US gallons), and that is a true minimum for a single adult at 20 cm (8 in). A tank in the 200–250 L (55–65 gal) range gives you meaningful management margin and room for caves without the floor becoming a territorial flashpoint.
Equipment priorities:
- Filtration and flow: These fish come from oxygenated, moving water. A canister filter rated at least 5–8 times tank volume per hour, or a powerhead supplementing a hang-on filter, is ideal. High dissolved oxygen is not optional.
- Caves: Provide at least one cave per fish, sized to fit the adult body snugly. Clay or ceramic tubes, slate stacks and purpose-built pleco caves all work. Without a private retreat the fish is permanently stressed.
- Substrate: Sand or fine gravel with larger smooth stones and driftwood. Driftwood is beneficial beyond aesthetics — it provides biofilm and tannins, and this species will rasp at it.
- Lighting: Dim to moderate. Goldie Plecos are crepuscular to nocturnal; bright overhead light encourages hiding all day.
- Lid: Mandatory. Like most catfish, L264 can and will escape through any gap.
What water parameters does the Goldie Pleco need?
- Temperature: 24–29 °C (75–84 °F) — aim for the middle of the range, around 26–27 °C, for everyday keeping.
- pH: 6.0–7.5. Soft and slightly acidic is ideal; above 7.5 is territory to avoid long-term.
- Hardness: 2–12 dGH. This is a soft-water species. Hard tap water should be buffered down with RO dilution or equivalent.
- Ammonia / Nitrite: 0 ppm at all times. These fish are sensitive to poor water quality.
- Nitrate: Keep under 20 ppm with regular maintenance.
Stability matters as much as the specific numbers. The tank must be fully cycled before introduction, and weekly partial water changes of 25–30 % are the single most reliable piece of preventive care. Tapajós water also tends to be very well oxygenated — if surface agitation looks low, add an airstone.
What does the Goldie Pleco eat?
Here is where L264 diverges sharply from the pleco stereotype. This is a carnivore, not an algae grazer. An exclusively vegetable diet — algae wafers, blanched courgette — will slowly malnourish it.
Good staple foods:
- High-protein sinking pellets formulated for carnivorous catfish or bottom feeders.
- Frozen bloodworms — a reliable favourite and excellent for conditioning.
- Frozen or thawed shrimp (mysis, krill, whole baby brine shrimp).
- Frozen mussel or cockle as an occasional treat.
Vegetables (blanched courgette, cucumber, spinach) can be offered occasionally for variety — around 10–20 % of the diet — but should not be the main course. Feed after lights-out, when the fish is naturally active. Remove uneaten food within 24 hours to keep nitrates in check.
What is the Goldie Pleco’s behaviour, and what fish can live with it?
The Goldie Pleco is semi-aggressive, primarily in the context of its own territory — the cave and the surrounding substrate. It is not a threat to most mid-water or surface fish, but it will assert itself aggressively toward other bottom-dwelling catfish that wander into its patch, and it will be especially hostile toward other Leporacanthicus.
Practical compatibility guidelines:
- Good companions: Peaceful mid-water schooling fish (tetras, rasboras) that stay out of the bottom zone; dwarf cichlids that are not so aggressive they stress the pleco; larger corydoras in a roomy tank where territories don’t overlap significantly.
- Avoid: Other plecos in a small tank, especially other L264; very small fish that could be mistaken for food; highly aggressive cichlids.
The Goldie Pleco’s semi-aggressive label is specifically about space and territory — give it a defined home and it largely ignores tankmates that respect that boundary.
For a full breakdown of pairings that work — and those that don’t — see Goldie Pleco tank mates.
How do you tell a male from a female Goldie Pleco?
Sexing follows the Loricariidae pattern of odontode development. Males grow noticeably longer and denser odontodes — the bristle-like spines — along the leading edge of the pectoral fins and along the body flanks, particularly behind the head. In mature males this gives a distinctly spikier, rougher silhouette compared to females.
Females are typically rounder in the belly, especially when they are carrying eggs. This fullness becomes obvious in a conditioned pair at breeding time. Body size is sometimes cited as a differentiator, but size overlaps too much with age and condition to be reliable on its own. The odontodes are the most consistent indicator.
How do you breed Goldie Plecos?
Breeding Leporacanthicus joselimai is rated hard — possible in the aquarium but not a beginner project. These are cave spawners: the male selects and guards a cave, the female deposits eggs inside, and the male takes sole responsibility for fanning and guarding the clutch until the fry are free-swimming.
Key requirements for a breeding attempt:
- A dedicated or species tank large enough that each fish has clear personal territory — 250 L (65 gal) or more for a pair.
- Multiple appropriately sized caves so the pair can establish without fighting first.
- Conditioning on high-quality live and frozen foods over several weeks.
- A cool-then-warm water change mimicking seasonal variation can trigger spawning behaviour, as can a small drop and rise in temperature.
- Fry require tiny live or frozen foods once they have absorbed the yolk sac — newly hatched brine shrimp and micro-worms are standard first foods.
Expect a small clutch — Loricariid eggs are large and few by aquarium fish standards. The male should not be disturbed during the guarding period.
What diseases are common in Goldie Plecos, and how do you prevent them?
The Goldie Pleco has no species-specific disease quirks, but it shares the general vulnerabilities of Amazonian catfish:
- Ich (white spot): Triggered by temperature stress or the introduction of an infected fish. A stable temperature and proper quarantine of all new arrivals are the prevention.
- Bacterial infections and fin erosion: Almost always a water-quality consequence — elevated nitrates, ammonia spikes or inadequate flow. The cure is addressing the water, not just the symptom.
- Internal parasites: Imported fish — especially wild-caught specimens — may carry internal worms. A preventive course of appropriate treatment at quarantine is worth considering, but confirm symptoms and consult a knowledgeable aquarium retailer before medicating.
- Oxygen deprivation: Often overlooked. A Goldie Pleco that spends prolonged time at the surface or at the return flow of the filter is signalling that dissolved oxygen is too low. Increase surface agitation immediately.
Health note: disease diagnosis and medication dosing are beyond the scope of a care profile. For a sick fish, confirm the diagnosis against a reliable veterinary or specialist fish-health source before treating.
Prevention follows the same formula as almost every freshwater fish: a fully cycled tank, stable parameters within range, weekly water changes, and strict quarantine of new arrivals before they enter the display.
How long do Goldie Plecos live?
A well-kept Leporacanthicus joselimai can live 10–15 years in the aquarium — one of the longer lifespans in the hobby for a fish of this size. That longevity is a selling point and a responsibility. This is not a fish to impulse-buy into a 60 L community tank and figure out later; it will likely outlast the furniture in the room it started in.
The longevity comes with the caveat that these fish are almost never captive-bred in commercial numbers — most specimens in the trade are wild-caught, which means they arrive with the stress of collection and transport already accumulated. A thorough 4–6 week quarantine, patient conditioning on quality foods, and careful attention to water parameters in the first months of ownership set the foundation for those 10–15 years.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Goldie Pleco (L264) a vegetarian like other plecos?
No — unlike many loricariids, Leporacanthicus joselimai is primarily carnivorous. It needs meaty foods such as shrimp, bloodworms and quality sinking carnivore pellets, with only a small proportion of vegetable matter.
Can I keep two Goldie Plecos together?
With caution. Males are territorial toward each other, especially in confined spaces. A single specimen per tank is safest; if you want a pair, provide a large tank with multiple caves so each fish can claim its own territory.
What you need to keep a goldie pleco
The baseline is a heated, filtered 150 L+ tank: a reliable heater to hold 24–29 °C (75–84 °F), a gentle filter that won't batter a goldie pleco in the current, and a tight-fitting lid. Cycle the tank fully before adding any fish.
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